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1 Liquids are the integral component of systems of greasing, cooling, brake and systems of washing of a windscreen. In view of a gradual expense and/or pollution of liquids in the course of normal operation of the car, it is necessary to replace them periodically. Familiarize with the Section “Types and volumes of applied greasings and liquids” in Specifications before starting a liquid dolivaniye in any of the listed components.
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| | At any check of level of liquid the car should stand on an equal surface. | Impellent oil
2 Check of level of impellent oil is made by means of measuring щупа, the engine located on one side (address to the illustrations of an impellent compartment given in this Chapter, for determination of its location). Shchup passes through a metal tube down, reaching a bottom of the pallet of a case of the engine.
3 Measurement of level of impellent oil is made before start of the engine or not less than through 15 mines after its switching off.
| | If to start measurement of level of impellent oil right after engine switching off, the part of oil remains in the top part of the engine that will essentially be reflected in accuracy of indications щупа. |
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4 Take щуп and dry wipe its edge pure rags or a paper towel. Enter щуп up to the end back and again take it. The height of the site of an edge moistened with oil will correspond to oil level in the engine. This level should be between two labels on щупе. | 5 lifting of level of oil from the minimum label on щупе to maximum needs one liter of oil. Do not allow level falling below the minimum label since oil starvation can lead to engine damage. On the other hand, engine overflow by oil (the dolivaniye is higher than the maximum mark) can be at the bottom of a zamaslivaniye of spark plugs, leakages of oil or failure of epiploons.
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6 to add oils, unscrew a cover of the mouth located on a cover of a head of cylinders. After a dolivaniye of oil wait some minutes that level of oil was stabilized, then pull out щуп and again check level. If it is required, add still oils. Close a cover of a mouth and tighten her hand. |
7 Check of level of oil is important preventive procedure. The engine should not consume more than 0.7 l of oil on 1.000 km of run. Continuous falling of level of oil indicates or existence of its leaks through the damaged epiploons or weakened connections, or on its burning out (internal leaks through worn-out piston rings or via directing plugs of valves). Besides, it is necessary to pay attention and to a condition of the oil. If oil has dairy color or in its structure it is possible to notice water drops, it indicates possible violation of tightness of laying of a head of cylinders or crack existence in a head or the block of cylinders. In this case the engine should be repaired immediately. Each time at measurement of level of oil before edge rubbing щупа carry out on it big and index hand fingers. If will be thus found stuck on щуп particles of dirt or metal particles, oil it is necessary to replace (address to the Section Replacement of impellent oil and the oil filter).
Engine cooler
| | Do not allow antifreeze hit on your skin or on the painted surfaces of the car. If it nevertheless occurred, immediately wash away antifreeze a plentiful quantity of water. Antifreeze is extremely toxic in a case hit in an organism. Never leave it without supervision in the open container or spilled on a floor; or animals its sweet smell can involve children and they can drink it. Agree with local authorities about destruction of the used antifreeze. | 8 All cars considered in this Management, are equipped with cooling system with superfluous pressure of compensatory type. The broad tank (or the cooler tank) is located in an impellent compartment and connected to a radiator. In process of an engine warming up in the course of its work the extending cooler fills a tank. When cooling engine the cooler automatically arrives back in cooling system that provides maintenance of constant value of its level.
| 9 Check of level of a cooler should be made regularly. Unscrew a stopper on a broad tank. Liquid level normal if on the cold engine (temperature of cooling liquid +20°С) the upper edge of a red float is at one height with edge a branch pipe for filling. If level of liquid lies below, it is necessary to add liquid. To add cooling liquid follows only on the cold engine to exclude its damage. |
| | Do not uncover a jellied mouth of a broad tank or a radiator cover for check of level of a cooler before complete cooling of the engine! Level in the tank fluctuates depending on engine temperature. | 10 Banish the car and again measure cooler level. If to the necessary level it is required to add only small amount of a cooler, for this purpose it is possible to use pure water. However frequent additions of water will dilute antifreeze. To provide a normal ratio of antifreeze and water, always add to the necessary level a demanded mix.
11 If level of a cooler falls regularly, in system leak existence is possible. Examine a radiator, hoses, a cover of a mouth, a stopper plum and the water pump. If any leaks it is not revealed, make check of tightness of a cover of a broad tank and a radiator on HUNDRED BMWs.
12 If you need to uncover, wait, while the engine completely will cool down, then wrap up a piece of thick rags round a cover and unscrew it to the first emphasis. If thus from under a cover steam or a cooler starts to escape, let's to the engine cool down a little more, and only then uncover.
13 It is necessary to check a cooler condition also. It should be rather pure. If liquid has brown or rusty color, it it is necessary to merge, wash out system and to fill it with a new mix. Even if the cooler looks normally, inhibitors of corrosion entering into its structure lose over time the efficiency therefore it is necessary to replace it through certain periods.
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14 For check of frost resistance of cooling liquid it is necessary to use the areometer (address also to the Section Check of functioning of system of cooling and frost resistance of cooling liquid). Gather cooling liquid by means of a pear and read the float instrument. For ensuring frost resistance to temperature – 35°С the volume ratio of water and antifreeze makes 1: 1. If necessary add antifreeze according to Specifications. | 15 Close a stopper of a broad tank and having made a trial trip again check concentration of antifreeze.
| | Unduly high concentration of antifreeze conducts to decrease in effect of protective action and cooling properties of liquid. It is shown at concentration of antifreeze about 60 %. | Brake liquid and coupling liquid
Fall of level of brake liquid below a mark of MIN is displayed to the driver on a control panel. Nevertheless, it is recommended to examine the tank regularly. |
| Brake liquid can harm your eyes and damage the painted surfaces of the car therefore be extremely careful at the treatment of her. Do not use brake liquid which long time stood opened or to which is more than one has some. Brake liquid has property to absorb moisture from air that can lead to dangerous loss of efficiency of brake system. Use only the recommended type of brake liquid. Mixing of various types of liquid (such as and DOT 5) can lead DOT 3 or 4 to refusal of brake system. |
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16 Main cylinder of brake system is established in a back left corner of an impellent compartment. | 17 Level of liquid is checked visually, on labels on the plastic tank established on the main cylinder. Level of liquid should be between “MAX” and “MIN” labels. If level is lower admissible, at first wipe top of the tank and a cover pure rags to prevent dirt hit in system after cover removal. Add to the necessary level the recommended liquid, but do not pour.
18 While the tank cover is removed, check liquid and the tank of the main cylinder on existence of pollution. If at it there are particles of a rust, dirt or a water drop, liquid from system it is necessary to merge and fill in the new.
19 After tank addition to the necessary level make sure that the cover is established exactly, in order to avoid leakages of liquid and/or dirt hit.
20 Level of liquid in the main cylinder will fall slightly as a result of wear process of frictional overlays of brake shoes. There is no need to add it until level remains near “MIN” label; it will rise after replacement of slips. Very low level can indicate wear of brake shoes. Check them on wear existence (address to the Section Greasing of loops and locks of doors).
21 If level of brake liquid constantly falls, immediately check all system on existence of leaks. Survey brake lines, hoses and shtutserny connections, together with supports, wheel cylinders and the main cylinder (address to the Section of Check of brake system).
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22 If at check of level of liquid the tank will appear is empty or nearly is empty, the brake system or system of coupling should be checked on existence of leaks and is pumped over). | Liquid of a washer of a windscreen
23 Liquid for washing of a windscreen is in the plastic tank on the right side of an impellent compartment. Capacity of the tank is specified in Specifications.
24 In areas with a temperate climate it is possible to fill system with usual water, but it is recommended to add in water means for washing of glasses with solvent of wax preservatives. The tank should be filled no more, than on two thirds that there was a free space on a case of expansion of water when freezing. In areas with cold climatic conditions it is necessary to use special antifreeze for system of washing of the windscreen, reducing a freezing point of liquid which can be got in any shop of automobile accessories. Usually it is on sale in the concentrated or ready look. If you got the concentrated antifreeze, mix it with water according to the instruction of the producer on packing.
| | Do not use antifreeze of system of cooling - it will damage the painted surfaces of the car. | Power steering liquid
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