E46 series BMW 3
- BMW 3 cars (E46)
Identification numbers of the car
Acquisition of spare parts
Technology of service, tool and workplace equipment
Poddomkrachivaniye and towage
Engine start from the auxiliary power supply
Checks of readiness of the car to operation
Automobile himikaliya, oils and greasings
Diagnostics of malfunctions
Governing bodies and operation receptions
Governing bodies and devices
Filling
Keys, uniform lock and anticreeping system
Security сигнализация*
Window regulators
The hatch with elevating and movable крышкой*
Seats
Adjustment of provision of a steering wheel
Mirrors
Safety systems
Lock of ignition and engine start
Parking brake
Manual box of gear shifting (RKPP)
Automatic transmission (AT) *
Lever of the switch of indexes of turn / light signal
Screen wipers and stekloomyvatel
Heater of back glass
Tempostat (automatic equipment of maintenance of the set speed) *
The alarm system of emergency rapprochement at a parking (PDC) *
System of automatic stabilization of stability with a regulator of a torque of the ASC+T/engine System of dynamic control of stability of DSC*
The monitoring system of pressure of air in tires (RDC) *
Lighting and light devices
Heater, ventilation and conditioner of air of salon
Salon equipment
Running in
Features of driving of the car
Catalytic converter
Anti-blocking system of brakes (ABS)
Disk brakes
Brake system
Luggage compartments
Automobile телефон*
Readjustment of headlights
Cowl
Unlocking of a cover of the refueling hatch manually
Drive of an elevating and movable cover of the hatch вручную*
+ Current leaving and service
+ Engine
+ Systems of cooling, heating
+ Power supply systems, injection and release
+ engine Electric equipment
+ RKPP and transmission line
+ Automatic transmission
+ Coupling and power shafts
+ Brake system
+ Suspension bracket and steering
+ Body
+ Onboard electric equipment
+ electric equipment Schemes
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Diagnostics of malfunctions In this Section the simplest scheme of clarification of the reasons of malfunctions and the refusals occurring in knots and systems of a vehicle is offered. Refusals and their possible reasons are broken into groups on the basis of the relation to certain components or car systems, such as the engine, cooling system, etc., besides, in the text references to Chapters and Sections concerning these problems are given.
Remember that the successful conclusion of search of causes of defect at all is not the black magic available to only skilled professional mechanics, and is defined by a combination of a certain knowledge and a patient, systematic approach to problem research. To move always follows from simple to difficult, to lead up each check to the logic end and to try not to pass the obvious facts – everyone can forget to fill fuel in a fuel tank or to leave for the night included lighting devices.
And at last, always it is necessary to try to make an accurate picture of development of malfunction and to undertake the corresponding steps on recurrence prevention. If refusal of electric equipment was the result of violation of quality of contact, check at the same time a condition of all other contacts and electric sockets of system. If the same safety lock several times in a row continues to fuse, there is no sense in its further replacement – it is necessary to try to find out a cause of failure. Remember that failure of a minor component can be a sign of violation of functioning of more important knot or the whole system.
Diagnostics of electronic systems E46 – general information about diagnostic devices
Into structure of the electronic equipment of the car enter:
System of electronic control by the petrol engine
Siemens MS 42.0
System of electronic control by the diesel engine
Bosch 3.0
System of anti-blocking of brakes of ABS
dynamic system of stabilization of stability built in ABS – DSC3 on the early E46 models antiprobuksovochny system – (Teves ABS/ASC Mark20ET)
System of ensuring additional safety of SRS
MRS2, MRS3
AT with electronic control of EGS/AGS
A5S 360R Siemens AGS 20
Electronic system of xenon headlights
| 1 Check of serviceability of functioning of components of systems of injection and decrease in toxicity of the fulfilled gases is made by means of a universal digital measuring instrument (multimeter). Use of a digital measuring instrument preferably for several reasons. First, on analog devices it is rather difficult (sometimes, it is impossible), to define result of the indication to within the 100-th and thousand shares while at inspection of the contours including in the structure electronic components, such accuracy takes on special significance.
The second, the reason that fact is not less important that the internal contour of a digital multimeter, has rather high impedance (internal resistance of the device makes 10 megohms). As the voltmeter is connected to a checked chain in parallel, accuracy of measurement by that is higher, than the smaller current will pass through actually device. This factor is not essential at measurement of rather high values of tension (9 ÷12 B), however there is defining at diagnostics of elements giving out low-voltage signals, such, as, for example, a l-probe where it is a question of measurement of shares of volt. |
2 special diagnostic scanners (Pointer) or testers (Retriever) are applied To diagnostics of electronic systems of the engine, automatic transmission, ABS, SRS with a certain cartridge, a universal cable and the socket. Besides, it is possible to apply the expensive specialized automobile diagnostic computer which has been specially developed for complete diagnostics of the majority of systems of modern cars to this purpose (for example, Launch HiTech firm ADC2000), or the ordinary computer with a set of the interface devices.
3 In principle, reading written down in memory of system of self-diagnostics of codes of malfunctions can be made also on the indicator “check the engine” on a control panel (address to Head engine Electric equipment).
4 Scanner only reads out the malfunctions brought memory and clears memory of malfunctions. Besides the scanner supports only the ISO protocol. The tester in addition can make active and show the current data and supports the SAE and ISO protocols.
All cartridges for a tester can be used and in the scanner. Thus functions will be limited only to reading and memory cleaning.
Firm ToolRama, Inc devices can be applied to diagnostics, for example. (3500 NW Boca Raton Blvd., Boca Raton, Florida, 33431, USA 1 877 866 5726-561 750 4511-561 338 8447 FAX):
R000 tester with cartridge Т051D, the P000 scanner with cartridge Т041,
universal cable of N000,
N001 socket.
For the majority of cars of release since 1996 supporting the SAE/ISO 9141 OBD II protocol OBD II cartridge carrying out the following functions can be used:
• Reading and removal of codes of malfunctions of OBD II. Reflection of results of tests of the sensor of oxygen.
• Continuous control of systems of ignition, injection and components.
• Reflection of the list of the current data and the fixed unstable refusals:
Absolute pressure in the inlet pipeline;
Tension of the sensor of oxygen;
Temperature of cooling liquid of the engine;
Settlement loading of the engine;
Speed of the car;
Quality of fuel;
Consumption of air (on weight);
Ignition advancing;
Provision of a butterfly valve;
Temperature of soaked-up air.
In addition to codes of malfunctions of "P0", the device also reflects expanded codes of "P1" for the models Acura, Audi, BMW, Chrysler, Dodge, FORD, Geo, GM, Honda, Hyundai, Infinity, Kia, Lexus, Lincoln, Mercury, Mazda, Mercedes, Mitsubishi, Nissan, Porsche, Saturn, SEAT, Skoda, Subaru, Suzuki, Toyota, Volvo, VW. |
| Recently, at diagnostics of control systems by the engine of modern cars such reading-out devices, as manual scanners of type, for example, Actron Scantool became absolutely irreplaceable or
AutoXray XP240 |
Features of the specialized automobile diagnostic ADC2000 device:
· The built-in 4-channel oscilloscope with standard preset for 19 sensors.
· The analyzer of system of ignition for check primary and secondary chains (with tension to 100кВ) on systems with the distributor or separate coils of ignition – with control of time of burning, peak value of tension, a corner of an advancing of ignition, a current, and turns.
· A two-channel multimeter with digital and graphic data presentation on tension (150В), frequency (1100кГц), to a current (150А).
· The built-in scanner for the main systems on cars: VAG, MB, BMW, Volvo, Toyota/Lexus, Mitsubishi, Nissan, Honda, Mazda, GM, Ford, Chrysler, Daewoo, Hyundai, Kia, Samsung, and also on cars supporting the OBD-II protocol.
· Cartridges are not required – you can execute updating of programs of the device, having downloaded necessary updatings from the Internet.
· Programnoye providing for communication with the personal computer.
Information on use of these devices contains in enclosed documents. About these devices you can get acquainted with details on sites www.programatools.com, www.lasn.com.
For carrying out diagnostics we recommend to you to address for the qualified help of experts HUNDRED.
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The diagnostic socket of system of onboard diagnostics of OBD II is located under the dashboard |
Contacts of the diagnostic socket for used protocols:
ISO 9141–2 Contacts 4, 5, 7, 15, 16
J1850 PWM Contacts 2, 4, 5, 10, 16
J1850 VPW Contacts 2, 4, 5, 16 (without 10)
The ISO 9141-2 protocol (for Europe and Asia) is identified by existence of contact 7 and absence of contacts 2 and/or 10 on the diagnostic socket.
The SAE J1850 VPW protocols (Variable Pulse Width Modulation) – General Motors – or SAE J1850 PWM (Pulse Width Modulation) – the American Ford – are identified by absence of contact 7.
All three protocols of data exchange work through a standard cable of OBD-II J1962.
conclusion No. Appointment
1 It is set by the producer
2 Bus Line +, SAE J1850
3 It is set by the producer
4 Connection with the case
5 Case – an alarm conclusion
6 It is set by the producer (CAN high level, J–2284)
7 Line K, ISO 9141
8 It is set by the producer
9 It is set by the producer
10 Bus Line – SAE J1850
11 It is set by the producer
12 It is set by the producer
13 It is set by the producer
14 It is set by the producer (CAN Low level, J–2284)
15 Line L, ISO 9141
16 Plus of the battery through a safety lock. Energized at any position of the lock of ignition
Codes of malfunctions of OBD II system are given in Specifications to Head engine Electric equipment.
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The 20-contact diagnostic BMW socket is located under a cowl of an impellent compartment at the left |
Purpose of conclusions
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Characteristic |
Value |
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data |
data |
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data |
data |
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data |
data |
Engine
If the engine is not started, it is necessary to analyse a situation. That the engine in general could be started, should be satisfied two main conditions. In cylinders should arrive fuel – an air mix, and on a spark plug the spark should be developed. Therefore, first, it is necessary to check, whether fuel moves. As thus it is necessary to operate, it is described in Head of the Power supply system, injection and release.
To define, whether the spark is developed, it is necessary to turn out candles, to insert into tips and separately to put to weight. Thus a tip or a cable of ignition do not hold hands, and use well isolated nippers. Ask the assistant to start the engine. If the spark does not slip, define malfunction being guided by Head engine Electric equipment.
The engine is not turned in attempts of its start
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1 corrosion of plugs of the battery Takes place or weakened fastening of tips of wires on them. Check a condition of plugs and tips. Tighten terminal clips, if necessary remove corrosion traces.
2 the battery Is discharged or faulty. If tips of wires are found pure and reliably fixed on battery plugs, turn the ignition key in the situation ON, then include head headlights and/or windscreen cleaners. If this electric equipment does not function, the battery is discharged.
3 Transmission it is inexact it is established in the situation "R" (AT) or on neutral transfer (RKPP), or coupling is not squeezed completely out.
4 conducting in a chain of system of start Is torn off or weakened fastening of wires on plugs. Check a condition of wires, plugs and electric sockets of the battery, the traction relay of a starter and the ignition lock.
5 Gear wheel of a starter is jammed in a gear wreath of a flywheel. On the models equipped with RKPP, establish it on transfer and, ceilings manually the car, turn that its engine. At the first possibility remove a starter and check a condition of a gear wheel and a gear wreath of a flywheel.
6 the traction relay of a starter (Head engine Electric equipment) Is faulty.
7 the starter (Head engine Electric equipment) Is faulty.
8 the ignition lock Is faulty. |
The engine is turned, but not started
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1 start is Incorrectly made
Order of start of the petrol engine:
Cock the parking brake, squeeze out a coupling pedal. On models from AT press and hold a brake pedal. On AT establish the selector in the situation "R" or "N". Do not give some gas. Turn the ignition key and hold, while the engine will not be started. If the engine during 20 with is not started or at once will stop, repeat start process at half pressed pedal of gas. As soon as the engine will be started, release the ignition key.
On a frost below – 15°С and at height more than 1000 m above sea level: Start see off not less than 10 with at half pressed pedal.
Surely at once begin movement. If there is a hard frost let's to the engine work during 30 pages.
If the engine is not started, through 10 with, interrupt start and repeat it through a floor of minute.
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| Some unsuccessful attempts of start in a row can damage the catalytic converter since not burned down fuel vzryvoobrazno burns down when heating in the catalytic converter. |
Only on the hot engine after start add a little gas.
2 the safety lock Is faulty:
– Electric fuel pump
– Electronic system of injection
Concerning check of safety locks address to Head Onboard electric equipment.
3 Empty fuel tank.
4 malfunction in system of injection of fuel Takes place.
5 the battery (the engine is turned too slowly) Is discharged. Check electric equipment functioning.
6 Korrodirovanas terminal connections of the battery or were weakened by their fastening.
7 the fuel pump (Head of the Power supply system, injection and release) Is faulty.
8 components of system of ignition (Head engine Electric equipment) Are damaged or excessively humidified.
9 spark plugs Are worn-out or faulty or the candle gap (Head engine Electric equipment) is incorrectly exposed.
10 conducting of an electric contour of system of start Is torn off or disconnected or weakened fastening of wires on plugs.
11 conducting of a contour of the coil of ignition Is torn off or disconnected or weakened fastening of wires on coil plugs (Head engine Electric equipment).
12 Too low pressure of a compression. Replace sealing laying of a head of cylinders. If necessary repair the engine.
Diesel engine:
13 start is Incorrectly made
Order of start of the turbodiesel engine:
On the cold engine and at external temperature below +8°С tighten the parking brake, squeeze out a coupling pedal. On AT establish the selector in the situation "R" or "N" – RKPP. Turn the ignition key in situation II and wait, the control lamp of preheat will not go out yet. At once after the control lamp will go out, start the engine, without giving some gas. If there are irregular flashes do not switch off a starter while the engine will not earn evenly (no more than 30 c). If the engine is not started, through a floor of minute again repeat start as it is described above.
In the course of preheat of the engine, it is not necessary to include consumers of a current (light, heating of back glass).
On the cold engine and at external temperature above +8°С, and also at the warm engine preheat is not required. The engine can be started at once. It is not necessary to give gas.
14 the safety lock Is faulty:
– Electric fuel on – соса,
– Preheat systems.
15 Engine is not heated-up: check serviceability of functioning of the device of preheat.
16 On the electromagnetic locking valve there is no tension. Connect to the switch the voltmeter or a sampler on a light-emitting diode. Include ignition. The light-emitting diode should light up. Otherwise it is necessary to find break of electroconducting and to eliminate it.
17 the electromagnetic locking valve Is faulty. Check reliability of fastening of the electromagnetic switch, to check contacts. Switch on and off ignition. In the switch click should be distributed.
18 damage to the line of supply of fuel or air to lines Takes place:
a) Pipelines or hoses are mechanically damaged or littered. Clear fuel pipelines and remove air from lines and the filter.
b) The fuel filter is littered. Replace filtering element.
c) In the winter it is necessary to check the filter and pipelines on ice or wax existence. Put the car in heated garage, add in gasoline system.
d) Ventilation of a tank or the mesh filter of a toplivozabornik is littered. Clean.
19 adjustment of the beginning of supply of fuel Is brought down. Check, make adjustment.
20 nozzles Are faulty. Check. Unscrew consistently cap nuts – at an otvorachivaniye of a nut of the faulty cylinder turns of the engine will not fall.
21 the fuel pump of a high pressure (TNVD) Is faulty. Establish for check new, or obviously serviceable TNVD.
22 Too low pressure of a compression. Replace sealing laying of a head of cylinders. If necessary repair the engine. |
The starter functions without an engine provorachivaniye
| 1 the starter gear wheel Is jammed. Remove a starter (Head engine Electric equipment) and check its condition.
2 a teeth of a gear wheel of a starter or a flywheel wreath Are worn-out or damaged. |
Start of the cold engine is complicated
| 1 the battery Is discharged or insufficiently charged.
2 malfunction of components of a power supply system or electric equipment (Head of the Power supply system, injection and release and engine Electric equipment) Takes place.
3 Paraffin in the filter of thin cleaning of the diesel engine. Replace a filter element. Fill winter fuel, or dilute with gasoline.
4 glow plugs of the diesel engine Are faulty. |
Start of the hot engine is complicated
Gearing of a starter occurs is too noisy or with difficulty
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1 a teeth of a gear wheel of a starter or a flywheel wreath Are worn-out or damaged.
2 bolts of fastening of a starter Are lost or weakened effort of their tightening. |
The engine is started, but immediately глохнет
| 1 electroconducting Is faulty or weakened fastening of wires on coil or generator plugs.
2 malfunction of components of a power supply system or electric equipment (Head of the Power supply system, injection and release and engine Electric equipment) Takes place.
3 depression losses through prokladochny surfaces of the inlet pipeline or the block of injection of fuel Take place. Make sure of reliability of an inhaling of fixing bolts/nuts, check the fact and quality of fastening on the unions on the inlet pipeline of all vacuum hoses. Check a condition of hoses and correctness of their connection (to the unions). |
Stability of operation of the engine on single turns is broken
| 1 depression losses Take place. Make sure of reliability of an inhaling of fixing bolts/nuts, check the fact and quality of fastening on the unions on the inlet pipeline of all vacuum hoses. Hear to the working engine by means of a stethoscope or a piece of a fuel hose. Existence of a hissing sound will allow to reveal a source of "leakage" of vacuum. It is possible to use for check by solution of soap water not less effectively.
2 malfunction of components of a power supply system or electric equipment (Head of the Power supply system, injection and release and engine Electric equipment) Takes place.
3 the valve of system of operated ventilation of a case (Head the Engine) Is blocked.
4 the air filter (Head of the Power supply system, injection and release) Is blocked.
5 Fuel pump does not provide giving of enough of fuel to injectors of system of injection (Head of the Power supply system, injection and release).
6 leaks through laying of a head of cylinders Take place. Make measurement of kompressionny pressure in engine cylinders.
7 working ledges of cams of a camshaft (Head the Engine) Are worn-out.
Diesel engine:
8 quality of connections of fuel hoses on TNVD and the fuel filter Is broken. Replace fuel hoses, fix them collars, tighten screws of angular connections.
9 it is Mechanically damaged or weakened TNVD fastening. Check fastening.
10 Are mixed by junctions of the returnable pipeline and the pipeline of supply of fuel. Connections put on the places. The screw of connection of the returnable pipeline has “OUT” marking.
11 damage to the line of supply of fuel Takes place:
a) Pipelines or hoses are mechanically damaged or littered. Clear fuel pipelines.
b) The fuel filter is littered. Replace filtering element.
c) In the winter it is necessary to check the filter and pipelines on ice or wax existence. Put the car in heated garage, add in gasoline system.
d) Ventilation of a tank or the mesh filter of a toplivozabornik is littered. Clean.
12 adjustment of the beginning of supply of fuel Is brought down. Check, make adjustment.
13 nozzles Are faulty. Check. Unscrew consistently cap nuts – at an otvorachivaniye of a nut of the faulty cylinder turns of the engine will not fall.
14 the fuel pump of a high pressure (TNVD) Is faulty. Establish for check new, or obviously serviceable TNVD. |
Ignition admissions take place at operation of the engine on single turns
Ignition a |
