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E46 series BMW 3since 1998 of releaseRepair and car operation |
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E46 series BMW 3 + BMW 3 Cars (E46) + Current leaving and service + Engine + Systems of cooling, heating - Power supply systems, injection and release Security measures and rules of observance of purity at work with fuel system Removal and installation of the sensor of a stock of fuel / fuel pump Check of the sensor of a stock of fuel + Power supply system of petrol engines + System of injection of fuel of the petrol engine - Power supply system of diesel engines Principle of operation of the diesel engine Work of system of injection Device of heating of the fuel filter Removal and installation of nozzles + System of production of the fulfilled gases + engine Electric equipment + RKPP and transmission line + Automatic transmission + Coupling and power shafts + Brake system + Suspension bracket and steering + Body + Onboard electric equipment + electric equipment Schemes 
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Principle of operation of the diesel engine At operation of the diesel engine in its cylinders clean air which is compressed to a high pressure is soaked up. Thus air heats up to the temperature exceeding temperature of ignition of diesel fuel. Fuel is injected into cylinders where air temperature makes near +600°С, with some advancing and ignites. Thus, spark plugs for ignition of fuel are not required.At very cold engine the temperature of compression of air can appear insufficient for fuel ignition. In this case the preliminary heating of the engine is required. For this purpose in each cylinder of the engine the electric glow plug is established. Duration of heating of the engine depends on temperature of external air and is regulated by the special relay of a monitor of DDE. Fuel is sucked in by the toplivopodkachivayushchy pump located in a fuel tank, and moves to the fuel pump of a high pressure (TNVD). In TNVD fuel is compressed to the pressure necessary for injection. Injection is carried out as it should be, similar to an ignition order in the petrol engine. Fuel injection in cylinders can be carried out in three ways: via the prechamber, the vortical chamber or it is direct in the combustion chamber. At vikhrekamerny and prechamber injection diesel fuel is injected into the prechamber of the corresponding cylinder. The hot fuel mix ignites at once. However the volume of the oxygen containing in the prechamber, is sufficient for burning only parts of the injected fuel. The remained not burned down part of fuel under the influence of pressure of combustion is thrown in the main chamber of combustion where there is a complete reburning of fuel. At the direct injection applied in the BMW engine of the 3rd series, TNVD directly injects fuel into the combustion chamber, namely, in a cavity in the piston. At this TNVD creates pressure near the 1300th bar and injects fuel into two steps. Thanks to mnogosopelny nozzles preliminary injection of a small amount of fuel which, burning down at first is made, creates favorable conditions for injection of the main amount of fuel. Such process of injection provides the soft and silent combustion similar to vikhrekamerny combustion. The amount of injected fuel is regulated by an electronic monitor. Before intake of fuel in TNVD it is cleared in the fuel filter of pollution and water. Therefore very important it is regular within carrying out maintenance to clear the fuel filter. TNVD does not demand service. All mobile details are greased with diesel fuel. The drive of TNVD is carried out through a chain. |
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