E46 series BMW 3

since 1998 of release

Repair and car operation

E46 series BMW 3
+ BMW 3 Cars (E46)
+ Current leaving and service
+ Engine
+ Systems of cooling, heating
+ Power supply systems, injection and release
+ engine Electric equipment
+ RKPP and transmission line
+ Automatic transmission
+ Coupling and power shafts
+ Brake system
+ Suspension bracket and steering
- Body
   General information and security measures
   - Leaving and repair of damages of a body
      Care of a body
      Care of the panels of furnish made of vinyl
      Care of an upholstery and salon rugs
      Repair of insignificant damages of body panels
      Repair of considerable damages of a body
   + External elements of a body
   + Internal elements of a body
+ Onboard electric equipment
+ electric equipment Schemes

Repair of insignificant damages of body panels

1 in the absence of access to the back party of the panel of a body for dent percussion, it should be extended by means of a hammer with sliding the brisk. In the deepest place of a dent, or along its border, насверлите or fill small openings at distance not less than 2.5 cm from each other …

2 … then screw in a hammer rod in an opening and put it in action. Tap with a usual hammer at dent edge to help metal to accept an initial form. After the completion of this procedure the surface of a dent should come nearer to the initial contour and approximately on 0.3 cm act over a surface of surrounding metal.

3 by means of a rough emery paper remove paint to naked metal. It is possible to make it manually, but the adaptation shown on a photo, will help you to accelerate process. By means of thinner, approximately No. 320, an emery paper nullify paint in radius not less than 2.5 cm round a dent site.

4 After removal of paint it is better to check to the touch, than by sight, whether enough the metal surface is equal. Begin to knock a hammer of camber and/or extend hollows where it is necessary. Clear a restored surface wax or silicone spot remover.

5 Following instructions on packing, mix a pack of a plastic shpaklevka with a hardener. The proportion of mixing is critical and if you break it, the shpaklevka will stiffen too slowly or too quickly (and you will not manage to put it and to give the necessary form).

6 Working quickly let's stiffen to a shpaklevka, by means of a plastic applikator with pressing put it on a metal surface, making sure that there is a complete gearing to metal. Process a shpaklevka that it took the form, close to an initial form of a site and slightly towered over a surrounding surface.

7 Let's to a shpaklevka stiffen to such condition that it could be pressed through only a nail. By means of a file or the adaptation shown on a photo, roughly process a shpaklevka.

8 by means of the rough emery paper fixed on a plate or whetstone, process a shpaklevka that it became smooth and equal. Gradually pass to more and thinner grades of paper, always using a plate or whetstone, and finish processing number 360 or 400.

9 as a result of processing the hand should not feel transition border from a shpaklevka to naked metal and from naked metal to old paint. If this purpose is reached, remove a dust and cover the next panels and furnish details.

10 Put some layers of a first coat on a processed surface. Do not spray too much first coat that it did not flow down, and after drawing of each layer let's previous dry. Usually here the professional gun-razbryzgivatel is used, but in shops of auto parts there is on sale a first coat in inexpensive aerosol packing.

11 First coat will help to reveal defects or scratches. Fill them with polishing paste. Following instructions on packing, process its thin (No. 360 or 400) an emery paper to smoothness. Repeat polishing, putting polishing paste and grinding it until the grounded surface does not become absolutely smooth.

12 Finish polishing by very thin paper (No. 400 or 600) to remove surpluses of a first coat. Wash up a site of processing by water and let's to it dry. Use a sticky napkin for complete removal of a dust, then put a layer of external paint. Do not try to wipe or put a wax covering on this site until paint will not dry completely (not less than two weeks).

Elimination of traces of small scratches

1 If scratch superficial also does not mention panel metal, its repair is made extremely simply. For removal of particles of the lagged behind paint and a wax covering slightly rub the scratched area with thin grinding paste. Rinse the processed surface with pure water.
2 Small brush paint over scratch the paint applied to an external covering of surrounding panels of a body. Continue to put paint a layer behind a layer until the surface it in scratch will not reach level of a surrounding surface of the panel. Give to new paint полимеризоваться within at least two weeks, then polish a transitional surface aflush with a surface of other panel with application of very thin grinding paste. In summary cover the processed surface with wax.
3 If got through paint, having reached some metal of the panel and having caused its corrosion, it is necessary to apply other technology of repair. A penknife scrape out from scratch a poroshkoobrazny rust, then process a surface ingibitorny paint in order to avoid corrosion development in the future. A rubber or nylon applikator cover the processed damaged area with a shpaklevka of glyantsovochny type. If necessary - that is especially useful at a shpaklevka of narrow scratches - for formation of very melkodispersny paste the shpaklevka can be diluted with solvent. Before the glyantsovochny shpaklevka will harden in scratch, wrap up a finger-tip a smooth cotton fabric. Then, having moistened a finger in solvent, quickly carry out them along the puttied surface of scratch. It will make a surface slightly concave. Now, after the shpaklevka hardening, the processed scratch can be painted according to paragraph 2 instructions.

Repair of dents

4 At repair of dents by a priority there is a pulling of the deformed surface for the purpose of its removal to original level. It is not meaningful to try to achieve absolute compliance to the original is it is all the same impossible in a type of violation of internal structure of metal of the panel at blow. Optimum removal of level of the pressed surface to level approximately on 3 mm is lower than a surface of the surrounding intact site of the panel of a body. In case the dent is very superficial a pulling it at all has no sense.
5 In a case when to a concave site it is possible to reach from a reverse side of the panel it is necessary to try отрихтовать a dent from within in hammer blows with soft the brisk. Tapping a dent, densely press to its face a wooden hammer for repayment of an impulse of blow in order to avoid an excessive flexure of the deformed metal of the panel.
6 If the dent was formed on a two-layer site of the panel or access to it from a reverse side is impossible for any other reason, it is necessary to apply other technique of a pulling. To Nasverlita on a concave site of the panel some small openings, trying, that they appeared in the most zaglublenny areas of a dent. Then screw in openings long саморезы, having left their heads sticking out so that it was possible to grasp them nippers. Now start to extend a dent nippers for screws.
7 At the following stage of processing of a dent it is necessary to remove from the damaged surface and on a site in width about 3 cm round it. This work is best of all for making by means of a wire nozzle or the shkuryashchy disk, established in an electrodrill cartridge, also manual processing by an emery paper however is not less effective. The final stage of preparation for a shpaklevaniye is the protsarapyvaniye of naked metal of a dent a screw-driver or a fragment of a file or drilling in it small openings for ensuring the maximum adhesion of a shpaklevka to a metal surface. Further it is possible to pass to performance of procedures of a shpaklevaniye and coloring (see below).

Repair of the rusted openings and holes

8 by means of shkuryashchy or the wire nozzle, clamped in a cartridge of an electrodrill remove all traces of paint from the damaged area and on a site in width about 3 cm round it. In case of lack of possibility of use of an electrodrill work can be executed not less effectively manually by an emery paper.
Whether 9 After removal of paint it is possible to estimate a metal damage rate corrosion and to be defined has sense to start repair or it will be more reasonable to replace the panel entirely (if it in principle is possible). New panels can be got far not so expensively as it many motorists think. Often it appears much quicker and even to establish the new panel more economically, than to make repair of extensive damages of a body.
10 Remove from the damaged panel all elements of furnish of a body, except for what can serve as a reference point for a reconstruction of an original form of the deformed sites (such as facing of block headlights, etc.). By means of scissors on metal or a nozhovochny cloth remove everything pieces of metal freely dangling, poorly fixed and hopelessly damaged by corrosion, then unbend opening edges a hammer inside for the purpose of formation of deepening for a room in it a shpaklevochny material.
11 by means of a metal brush remove from the damaged metal a poroshkoobrazny rust. If there is an access to a reverse side of the damaged site, process it corrosion inhibitor.
12 Before the shpaklevaniye beginning the opening is necessary for muffling. It can be made a priklepyvaniye or screwing up way to the damaged site from its reverse side of a piece of a tin or having blocked an opening a wire grid.
13 After opening blocking the damaged site can be puttied and painted (address to the following subsection).

Shpaklevaniye and coloring

14 the set of types of body shpaklevka Is issued, however, it is necessary to notice that for this type of works enclosed complete with sets shpaklevochny paste best of all is suitable for repair of body panels with the hardener placed in a tube. To reach smoothness and correctness of a contour of the puttied surface, paste should be put with a flexible plastic or nylon applikator. Strictly following instructions of manufacturers (violation can lead them to the wrong hardening of shpaklevochny weight), mix insignificant quantity of a shpaklevka on a pure wooden or cardboard surface (carefully use a hardener).
With 15 Applikator put a shpaklevka on respective in a way prepared (see above) a surface of the damaged site of the body panel. For achievement of a desirable contour of a surface and shpaklevka level each dab an applikator should pass through all repaired surface. As soon as the contour of the puttied surface will appear close to original, immediately stop to put a shpaklevka as that, stiffening will begin подлипать to an applikator, forming lumps and leaving the tease on a processed surface. Continue to put paste layers with intervals about 20 minutes until level of the puttied surface will not begin to act slightly over surrounding metal of the panel.
16 After shpaklevka hardening, its surplus can be removed by means of a file. The stage of a zashkurivaniye and polishing of the puttied surface further begins. Best of all the waterproof emery paper of import production (as in it uniform granularity of an abrasive and its good adhesion to a basis is observed) is suitable for this purpose. It is necessary to begin with coarse-grained paper No. 180 and, on progressing reducing granularity, it is possible to finish on No. 600. To reach adequate planeness of a processed surface paper it is necessary to wrap up previously round whetstone from dense rubber (a tree or polyfoam) or to paste on it. In the course of processing paper should regularly and be moistened with water often. Such technology allows to reach absolute smoothness and flatness of a processed surface at the final stage.
17 At this stage the processed damaged surface should appear surrounded with the ring of pure naked metal which is coming to an end with gradually coming to naught edge of good paint. Rinse the processed surface with pure water, washout from it everything formed during polishing an abrasive.
18 From an aerosol ballonchik sprinkle the processed surface a thin layer of a light first coat. It will allow to reveal all defects allowed during polishing which can be eliminated with a pokryvaniye way their layer of a fresh shpaklevka. Repeat a zashkurivaniye and polishing stage. Repeat to alternate a shpaklevaniye, processing and a surface first coat before receiving satisfactory result. On termination of rinse the processed surface with water and dry it.
19 Now the surface is ready to coloring. Car coloring by an aerosol should be made at motionless, dry, warm, and not dusty air. Most fully meet these requirements of a condition of the volume closed and heated room. If circumstances compel to carry out body coloring in the open air, it is necessary to treat with all gravity a choice of suitable weather conditions. At work indoors beat a dust, having sprinkled a floor water. If coloring of only separate panel of a body of the car is made, cover the intact panels surrounding it. This precautionary measure will allow to minimize effect of insignificant difference in tones of old and fresh paints. As the chromeplated decorative strips, door handles, etc., also it is necessary to cover such elements of furnish (and it is better - to remove). For protection of surfaces not subject to coloring use a sticky tape and old newspapers which should be imposed in some layers.
20 Before starting use aerosols, carefully stir up a ballonchik, then sprinkle paint a trial surface, fulfilling equipment of coloring. Cover the surface prepared for coloring with a powerful layer of a first coat. The thickness to be reached at the expense of recurrence of drawing of a first coat by thin layers. Without feeling sorry some water, a moisture resistant emery paper No. 600 process the grounded surface, achieving its absolute smoothness. Before starting final coloring let's to a first coat dry out completely.
21 Put a layer of decorative paint, again achieving thickness at the expense of recurrence of its drawing. Coloring begin from the center of a repaired site, making a hand with a ballonchik circular movements, expanding their radius on a spiral until there will be covered all damaged area, plus still a ring of surrounding good about five centimeters in width. 10-15 minutes later (it is better not later not to damage edge starting to stiffen fresh paints) after drawing of the last paint coat unstick covering surrounding panels of a body of the newspaper and a sticky tape. Paint finally полимеризуется within about two weeks then, for smoothing of transition of fresh paint, process the restored surface very thin grinding paste. In summary put on the panel a wax layer.